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What exactly is bentonite?
time:2019-10-25 12:02:46
Bentonite is a nonmetallic mineral with montmorillonite as the main mineral component. Montmorillonite structure is a 2: 1 crystal structure composed of two silica tetrahedral with a layer of aluminum octahedral. Because of the layered structure formed by montmorillonite cell, there are some cations, such as Cu,Mg,Na,K, and the interaction between these cations and montmorillonite cell is very unstable and is easy to be exchanged by other cations. Therefore, bentonite has good ion exchange property.
Foreign countries have been applied in more than 100 departments in 24 fields of industrial and agricultural production, and there are more than 300 products, so they are called "universal soil". Bentonites are also known as porphyry, bauxite or bauxite.
The development and use of bentonites in China has a long history, which was originally used as a detergent. There were open pit mines hundreds of years ago in Renshou area of Sichuan Province, and locals call bentonites soil powder. It is only a hundred years old that it is really widely used. The earliest discovery in the UnitedStates was the yellowish-green clay in Wyoming, which expanded into a paste after adding water.
Later, all clay with this property was collectively called bentonite. In fact, the main mineral composition of bentonite is montmorillonite, the content of which is 85%, and some properties of bentonite are also determined by montmorillonite. Montmorillonite can be in a variety of colors, such as yellow and green, yellow and white, gray, white and so on. It can be dense block or loose soil. It has slippery feeling when rubbing with fingers. The volume of small block expands several times to 20 × 30 times after adding water, which is suspended in water and paste when water is less. The properties of bentonite are related to its chemical composition and internal structure.
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